Management Pattern of Pubali Bank Ltd free essay sample

The Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh handed over all assets and liabilities of the then Pubali Bank to Pubali Bank Limited. Since then Pubali Bank Limited has been rendering all sorts of commercial Banking services as the largest bank in the private sector through its branch network all over the country. Pubali Bank Limited provides mass banking services to the customers through its 410 branch network all over the country. This bank has been playing a vital role in socio-economic, industrial and agricultural development as well as in the overall economic development of the country since its inception through savings mobilization and investment of funds. During the last 5 years the growth rate of bank’s earnings is more than 50 % on average. 1. 2 Vision and Mission of Pubali Bank Ltd. †¢To become the best Bank in Bangladesh within 2013. †¢To provide excellent quality Customer service †¢To maintain Corporate and business ethics. †¢To become a trusted repository of customers money and their financial advisor. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Pattern of Pubali Bank Ltd or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To provide high quality financial services in export and import trade. †¢To make our stock superior and rewarding to the customers/share holders. †¢To display team spirit and professionalism. †¢To have a Sound Capital Base. This bank is one of the most disciplined Banks with a distinctive corporate culture. Here we believe in shared meaning, shared understanding and shared sense making. Our people can see and understand events, activities, objects and situation in a distinctive way. They mould their manners and etiquette, haracter individually to suit the purpose of the Bank and the needs of the customers who are of paramount importance to us. The people in the Bank see themselves as a tight knit team/family that believes in working together for growth. The corporate culture we belong has not been imposed; it has rather been achieved through our corporate conduct. 1. 3 Objectives of Pubali Bank Ltd. 01. To carry on, transact, undertake and conduct the business of bank ing in all its branches and transact and do all matters and things incidental thereto in Bangladesh and abroad; 02. To receive, borrow, or raise money on deposit, loan or otherwise, upon such terms as the Company may approve and to give guarantees and indemnities in respect of all debts and contracts; 03. To advance, deposit and lend money on real, personal and mixed securities, on cash, credit or other accounts, on policies, bonds, debentures, bills of exchange, promissory notes, letter of credits, or other wares and merchandise, bills of sale and lading, delivery orders, or other mercantile indicia or tokens, bullion stocks and shares; 04. To establish, maintain, carry on, transact and undertake all kinds of investment, merchant and financial business, including underwriting, managing and distributing the issue of stocks, shares, bonds, debentures, import permits and other securities directly or through jointly with one or more banks or financial institutions; 05. To advance, deposit or lend money to or with such persons, firms or bodies corporate or un-incorporate and so on such terms as may seem expedient; 06. To carry on the business of discounting, dealing in exchanges in specie and securities and all kinds of mercantile banking; 07. To carry on business of dealers in foreign exchange including buying and selling of foreign exchange, dealing in foreign currency notes, granting and issuing of letters of credits, traveler’s cheques, circular notes and negotiating and discounting of export documents and all other matters related to foreign exchange notes; 08. To carry on the business of buying and selling bullion, gold, and other valuables species’ 09. To provide for safe-deposit vaults and safe custody of valuables of all kinds’ 10. To act as agents for the sale and purchase of any stocks, shares or securities or for any other monetary or mercantile transaction; 11. To invest money in such manner as may from time to time be thought proper; 12. To carry on business as financiers, promoters, capitalists, financial and monetary agents, concessionaries, brokers and merchants’ 13. To guarantee or become liable for the payment of money or for the performance of any obligation and generally to transact all kinds of guarantee business and also to transact all kinds of agency business; 14. To promote, effect ensure, guarantee, underwrite, participate in management and carry out any issue, public or private, or state, municipal, or others loans, or shares, stocks, debentures or debentures stock of any company, corporation or association and to lend money for the purpose of any such issue; 15. To form, promote and establish companies and associations for execution of undertaking, works, projects, or enterprises of any description, whether of a private or public character and to acquire, underwrite and dispose of shares and interest in such companies or associations or in any other company or association or in the undertakings thereof; 16. To promote or take part in the formation, management, supervision or control of the business or operations of any company or undertaking in Bangladesh or elsewhere and to render all assistance in this regard’ 17. To form, manage, join or subscribe to any syndicate, consortium or any holding company or trust and to carry on business of an investment trust company; 18. To carry on business or undertaking and executing of trusts and also to act as executor, trustee or otherwise; 19. To act as executors and trustees of wills, settlements and trust deeds of any kind made by customers and others and any other matters related thereto; 20. To act as official liquidator and receiver; 21. To contract or negotiate all kinds of loan, aid or assistance, private or public, from any source, local or foreign and take all such steps as may be required to complete and effectuate such deals; 22. To draw, make, accept, endorse, discount, negotiate, execute and issue bills of exchange, promissory notes and other negotiable or transferable instruments including notes, warrants and coupons; 23. To borrow or raise money or secure the payment of money by issue or sale shares, stocks, bonds, debentures, other securities and obligations, either perpetual or terminable and or redeemable or otherwise, and to charge or secure the same by trust deed or otherwise on the undertaking of the company or upon any specific property and rights, present or future, of the company; 24. To carry on the business of leasing lant or machinery, tools, apparatus, vehicles, ships, office professional equipment, medical and scientific apparatus etc. on such terms/covenants and conditions and on such rentals as may be thought fit and alter, repair and maintain the same; 25. To purchase, or otherwise acquire and undertake, the whole or any part of, or any interest in the business, goodwill, property, contracts, agreements, rights, privileges, effects and liabilities of any other company; 26. To acquire, construct, maintain, or alter any immovable or movable property, rights or privileges which the company may think necessary; 27. To invest the capital and other moneys of the company not immediately required in the purchase, exchange or upon the security of shares, stocks, debentures, debenture stocks and so on; 28. To carry on any other business, which in the opinion of the company is incidental or conducive to the promotion or advancement of the business of the company; 29. To pay all expenses incidental to the formation or promotion of this or any other company, organization, bank, body corporate and the conduct of its business and remunerate any person, company or body for services rendered or assisting to place or guarantying the placing of nay of shares or debentures; 30. To appoint officers, staffs, experts, advisors, consultants, auditors, legal advisors and to provide for their suitable remunerations; 31. To provide for and to establish and support or aid in the establishment or support of any association, institution, fund trust or contributing to the building of houses and convenience calculated to the benefit of the employees and staffs, former or present and their dependents; 32. To amalgamate with or construct or reorganize any company, bank or body corporate or association in cooperation with any other person, company, bank or association; 33. To establish and open offices and branches to carry on all or any of the above business abroad and within country provided prior permission is obtained from the Bangladesh Bank; 34.

Free Essays on What the Butler Saw

Wilmington’s production of â€Å"What the Butler Saw† by Joe Orton was a hilarious masterpiece. The Wilmington college drama production group under the direction of Michael G. Bath created an excellent and amusing production of the play. What The Butler Saw, was a comedy based in the late sixties in London, England. The play began in swift fashion and unfolded at a good pace, which helped keep the audience involved in the play. I myself was a little skeptical of the play going in based on the fact that it is a British comedy which has always been a chore for me to follow them, this one ended up working out for me. I have not seen many plays before and â€Å"What the Butler Saw† was a nice splash of warm water to get my feet wet. The set of the play was very well assembled, and laid out to allow the actors to enter and exit at different areas of the stage. This helped with the illusion of looking into a doctor’s office at a mental ward that would have several entrances. The furniture used in the play resembled the style of the sixties that would have been customary in London at the time. The use of the exits illustrated an out of control office, which, is needed to get the play’s chaotic story line across. The plot was like a fiery comet. When the play started out, I thought to myself â€Å"Where are they going with this?† All the sexual under and over tones, references to incest, sexual abuse, all the while the characters thinking one another are crazy. It turned out four of the six characters ended up being related. Imagine, thinking your family is crazy. Just like a comet, I figured out the play completely just as it was over. The way endings should be. The playwright, Joe Orton’s storyline with the actors figuring out that they were related is similar to the storyline of Oscar Wilde’s â€Å"Importance of Being Earnest,† whose characters also figure out they are related. Because of the plays being so much alike, a follow... Free Essays on What the Butler Saw Free Essays on What the Butler Saw Wilmington’s production of â€Å"What the Butler Saw† by Joe Orton was a hilarious masterpiece. The Wilmington college drama production group under the direction of Michael G. Bath created an excellent and amusing production of the play. What The Butler Saw, was a comedy based in the late sixties in London, England. The play began in swift fashion and unfolded at a good pace, which helped keep the audience involved in the play. I myself was a little skeptical of the play going in based on the fact that it is a British comedy which has always been a chore for me to follow them, this one ended up working out for me. I have not seen many plays before and â€Å"What the Butler Saw† was a nice splash of warm water to get my feet wet. The set of the play was very well assembled, and laid out to allow the actors to enter and exit at different areas of the stage. This helped with the illusion of looking into a doctor’s office at a mental ward that would have several entrances. The furniture used in the play resembled the style of the sixties that would have been customary in London at the time. The use of the exits illustrated an out of control office, which, is needed to get the play’s chaotic story line across. The plot was like a fiery comet. When the play started out, I thought to myself â€Å"Where are they going with this?† All the sexual under and over tones, references to incest, sexual abuse, all the while the characters thinking one another are crazy. It turned out four of the six characters ended up being related. Imagine, thinking your family is crazy. Just like a comet, I figured out the play completely just as it was over. The way endings should be. The playwright, Joe Orton’s storyline with the actors figuring out that they were related is similar to the storyline of Oscar Wilde’s â€Å"Importance of Being Earnest,† whose characters also figure out they are related. Because of the plays being so much alike, a follow...

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Management - Essay Example Business organizations, in particular, contribute to the wellbeing of the entire society through activities aimed at promoting and preserving a self-sufficient and independent society. However, businesses will definitely fail to benefit the society without good leadership. As argued by Peter Drucker, good leadership and social responsibility are mutually dependent (Godfrey & Grasso, 2000). This essay demonstrates that good leadership reassures that businesses are being managed in ways that will benefit the whole of society. Peter Drucker states that the primary obligation of the organization is constantly to its own objective. If an attempt to generate a beneficial outcome led to the ruin of the organization trying to actualize it, it was not socially responsible, despite righteous intents. Businesses’ primary social responsibility is to generate earnings enough to answer for possible operational expenses (Maak & Pless, 2006). If the organization was not able to realize its ow n objectives due to mismanagement or mishandling of physical and human resources so as to accomplish social responsibility, it would harm society by failing to provide employment, products/services, and economic inputs. This argument became quite controversial among management scholars. Supporters of different movements often force business organizations to contribute to the alleviation of social problems that are completely beyond the organizations’ forte or capacity to fulfill (Maak & Pless, 2006). These pressures are exerted even if the measures demanded by these advocates, if carried out, could harm the organization, and in a certain extent could also harm society. Refusing or not being able to carry out the measures demanded these organizations are at times called ‘unethical’ (Adler & Gundersen, 2008). Hence, Drucker recommends good leadership. The objective to benefit the society obliges leaders to reflect, and to have the audacity and initiate steps where needed. A deeper analysis of business organizations would show that these entities are more than an arbitrary collection of people, although with a shared objective. Organizations are structured; people in an organization take on or are delegated different positions, functions, and responsibilities in order to realize this objective successfully (Mueller et al., 2009). Organizational structures suggest that leaders and followers exist. The leaders are ought to wield authority, provide guidelines, lay out rules, and carry out roles that are needed to realize the objectives of the organization. In thriving organizations, good leadership is beyond mere routine operational tasks like creating the organizational culture, leading employees, and allocating resources (Flynn, 2008). Good leadership is all about empowering and motivating followers to make their best efforts for the actualization of the vision that the leader has developed to realize the objectives of the organization. Among t hese objectives is to benefit the entire society. And the fulfillment of these objectives is largely possible through good leadership. Good Leadership is Socially Responsible/Ethical Leadership As stated by Peter Drucker, â€Å"What is most important is that management realizes that it must consider the impact of every business policy and business action upon society. It has to consider whether the action is likely to promote the public

Essay about play Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

About play - Essay Example In the beginning of the play, the conditions of living, as described by the house is striking. In addition to this, Walter Lee’s irresponsible nature makes a reader anticipate some kind of change, to alter the balance. Moreover, when Joseph Asagai visits the Youngers’ house, they are in the midst of cleaning up. This point is the fulcrum, since after this point, the ‘process of cleaning’ is geared up towards change. At the end of the play, we see that the family is all set to move into a new house in Clybourne Park, which is symbolic of a change in the physical environment. In addition to this, Beneatha’s life undergoes a change, since she chooses Asagai over Murchison, though it was an expected action. Moreover, the biggest change is seen in Walter Lee’s character, which becomes a round character by the end of the play. The character undergoes an internal change and this is evident when Walter Lee stands up for his family and their principles. Consider the following dialogue spoken by Mama, â€Å"Oh—So now its life. Money is life. Once upon a time freedom used to be life—now its money. I guess the world really do change .† Thus, Change can rightly be called one of the themes of the play. Another major theme of the play is the concept of ‘dream’. It is closely related to, and can be called a critique of the American Dream, wherein it is believed that every individual must be provided with the opportunities to earn and own a piece of land and lead a luxurious life. All through the play, the concept of ‘dreams’ plays a strong undercurrent. Each member has a particular dream. Mama’s dream is to buy a comfortable house in an all-white locality, while Walter Lee’s dream is to get into business. Ruth is an independent intelligent girl, who wants to steer clear of all the Americanisation, and get in touch with her African roots. Mama is scheduled to get the pension

Life Span Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Life Span - Research Paper Example He cherished the time they were able to spend together; because before he became ill, his father was too busy to spend much time with him. Mr. Asad said that he was definitely close to his mother, a stay-at-home mother who took care of household, the children and sometimes helped with her husband’s business. Mr. Asad admitted that still misses his mother very much. Mr. Asad was born and raised in Egypt. When he was a teenager, his father got sick and he was sent abroad to live with relatives. At first, he did not really know why his parents sent him to England but he realized they only want him to get a good education. So on he went to study high school and college there and then went on to become an English professor. Asked what he would like to do if he had the chance to be young again, he said he wanted to have enjoyed his youth. He was forced to grow up too fast because that he had to take care of the family business. He had to stand in for his father, because he was the o nly son. However, he has no regrets. He just missed his adolescence and laughingly admitted that he had not had enough opportunities to meet girls back then. Mr. Asad speaks 4 languages: Arabic, Spanish, French and English. That is why he was able to become an English teacher. He taught English to other Egyptians. He told me that he really loved teaching English and missed his work as a teacher. As a young adult, he worked as an archeologist at the British Broadcasting Company, Ltd. (BBC) and he produced a television show about Egypt but he did not mention the title or year. For Mr. Asad, it was the most memorable and enjoyable job he has ever had. At time that he met a special lady but her family did not approve of their relationship so he had to let go of their chance to be together. Even now, he says he does not understand why her family did not like him. It was difficult because she was so special to him. A few years later he met and married someone else. Soon he realized that h e had married the wrong woman. However, due to his religious beliefs, he did not divorce her. He worked very hard and supported his family and raised two children with her. In 1980 he lost his father. Four years later 1984 he lost his mother; thirteen years ago he lost his wife. Shortly after his wife passed away, his Parkinson’s disease became worse. He said he missed his parents, especially his mother. He did not talk much about his wife and he told me that before she passed away, he found out that she had saved money behind without his knowledge and had given all of it to her church instead of to their children. He seemed to still be upset about that. He talked much about his daughter but less about his son. He also talks about his grandchildren, especially his daughter’s daughter. When asked why he did not talk about his son, he said that his son reminded him so much of his wife, who had been so attached to money. He believes it is okay to save money but at the sam e time, his son needs to know how to enjoy spending money too. In contrast, he his daughter are very close, and every chance he gets, he sees her and her family because they always have fun together. Because of his Parkinson’s disease, he does not have much mobility so he has a live-in caregiver all who takes care of his everyday needs. They seem to get along well together, as they joke and laugh all the time. Although there have been advances in the study of Parkinson’

Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX)

Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) Anjan Thapaliya Abstract AJAX stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. It is a web technology that evolved in early 2000 and uses a mix of technology like JavaScript and XML. This paper discusses about how AJAX technology works in modern web application and various advantages and disadvantages. This paper also discusses about various frameworks available for AJAX that can be used on different platforms. History In the past, when there was no such thing as AJAX, the websites needed to reload each and every time for retrieving even small bits of information from the server or processing a tiniest client request, which made the webpages very inefficient. Every time there is a page refresh, it put consumed some bandwidth and put some load on the request processing server. In order to overcome this cycle of request-response, and fetch required data from the server without having to make a round trip, Microsoft came up with iframe technology is as early as 1999 but it was clunky and not efficient. The core of today’s AJAX technology, known as XMLHTTP object was first implemented by Microsoft Outlook in 1999. The term â€Å"AJAX itself was first used my Jesse James in one of his articles in 2005 to talk about this new technology. W3C came up with its first round of documentation for the XMLHttpRequest and called it a web standard in 2006. Classic web application vs. Ajax web application AJAX has transformed how people view at webpages from a simple HTML document into a dynamic web application. The early web sites rendered the webpage as a plain HTML pages. It lacked features like dynamic updates and synchronization with services and servers. The web server in classic web applications performed all the serving up responses to requests with each round trip. Due to this overhead of constant server round trips, web sites in the early 2000 performed poorly and were not as dynamic in terms of updates and synchronization. On the contrary, AJAX based web sites perform better in terms of faster rendering and quicker updates. Not all the data processing is done on the sever side, as a connection is silently made to the server in the background which responds back by giving back the required data in some format like XML or JSON. The resulted data is then formatted using XSLT or CSS in the client side for a better rendering of the view. The diagram below shows how websites in the past differ from modern web sites that make use of AJAX technology: (Ajax: A New Approach to Web Applications, J. Garrett, 2005) What is AJAX? AJAX is a modern web technology that leverages a bunch of existing web technologies to create faster and more efficient web applications. AJAX frees web sites from the need to post the whole webpage back to the server for small piece of information and lets pages or parts of a page update by receiving small chunks of data from the server magically behind the scene – without users barely noticing the page refresh. This is what is referred to when people talk about the â€Å"Asynchronous† behavior of AJAX. In a tradition sense, a classic web site always has to have an event send some kind of request to the server which will then result a response being sent back to the client from the server. That usually means, only one request can be responded at a time and any subsequent request have to wait until the previous requests have been processed by the server. When a user clicks on a button, that will trigger some kind of event resulting in either post or get request to the s erver, which will need to be processed by the server first and then the right view is served up to the user. Now this can happen behind the scene without the browser needing to do a complete post back to the server. The advantage of asynchronous call is that data can still be requested from a server without a complete post back to the server and all happens behind the scene and the user is barely affected by what is going on behind the scene. Instead of having to wait for the response result, pages or even parts of a page load asynchronously. What make up AJAX? AJAX is not a new programming language, nor is it just one new technology. It is rather a mix of existing technologies. The following make up the AJAX: JavaScript: It is a client side scripting language interpreted by browsers. JavaScript is one of the most important components of AJAX technologies. It is responsible for capturing user events and making a call to the server asynchronously for the needed data. Today, there are many JavaScript libraries like jQuery that have simplified how AJAX calls are made and in what format are the response data received. Since the advent of JSON, the response of an AJAX call doesn’t just have to be in XML format, but it can also be in JSON format. DOM: DOM stands for Document Object Model, which means it is a JavaScript Object model of an HTML document or XML document. It is the way JavaScript sees its content and structure. It is an object that includes how the HTML/XHTML/XML is formatted, as well as the overall state of the browser. CSS: CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet and is used to present data or document in a certain style. It is the language to decorate the content, essentially separating the style from the actual content. XMLHttpRequest: XMLHttpRequest is probably one of the most powerful JavaScript Objects that has properties and methods to really change the overall architecture of today’s modern web application. It was designed by Microsoft and are now widely being adopted and by IT giants like Google, Mozilla, and Apple etc. This JavaScript provides an easy mechanism to fetch data from a URL without having to do a complete post back to the server over either http or ftp protocols. A web page can have a part of it doing something dynamically through the use of this object while the user is doing something else without really affecting user’s interaction with the page in any manner. XMLHttpRequest object has various properties and methods to open, close or cancel connection to a server and fetch data or send status of current request whether it is a success or failure etc. Below are some of the important properties and methods commonly used in AJAX based web applications. XMLHttpRequest object has following six methods abort (): This methods basically cancels an asynchronous call being made to a server. getAllResponseHeaders (): This methods returns all headers information as a string. getResponseHeader (header): It returns string containing header information or null if there is no header in the response at all or response is not sent out yet. open (method, url): This method is used to initiate a request call to a server. send (body): This method is used to send a browser request to the server, irrespective of whether it is synchronous or not. setRequestHeader (header, value): This method is used to set the HTTP request header to a certain value. There are six important properties of the XMLHttpRequest object: onreadystatechange: This property determines which callback function to call when the readyState property changes readyState: It is the current status of XMLHttpRequest object and can have any possible values from 0 to 4, where each values have a certain meaning. 0: The request has not been initialized. 1: The AJAX call has established connection to the server. 2: request received: The AJAX call request has been received by the server. 3: The AJAX call request is being processed. 4: The AJAX call request has completed and the response is ready. responseText: It returns a string which contains the body of the response responseXML: It retrieves the response body as XML DOM Object. status: Indicates what the current HTTP status code is like 200 for OK and 404 for server not found etc. statusText: It retrieves a friendly HTTP status of an AJAX request. Ajax Event life cycle The below diagram show the lifecycle of AJAX events in a web application (AJAX Asynchronous JavaScript and XML, Saikrishna, 2009): When a user visits an AJAX web site, the engine is first loaded and initialized before any AJAX related operation. The Ajax engine basically works around the two processes shown in cyan boxes in the above picture. The lifecycle of an AJAX operation is as follows: A user requests a webpage with AJAX implementation in his/h. Page is loaded in computer browser. User interacts with the site and creates an event, like a button or a link clicking. The click event initiates the AJAX call, and sends a data request to the server and also specifies how the needed data should be returned back, either as XML or JSON etc. The server resolves and processes the request and also prepares the response data in the required format. Server responds to the client browser with the requested data. A callback function gets the data, and transforms and updates the web page. This happens all behind the scene and user will never have to see his/her page post back to the server like the regular web pages do. Ajax Frameworks Like any other web application framework, people have developed various frameworks around AJAX so that an these frameworks can be used on a specific platform, with a specific language etc. and basically provides API for developers to easily make use of AJAX technologies in more efficient and abstracted manner. These frameworks have unique components to accept request or process request using AJAX and are adapted to a particular language platform like ASP.NET or PHP etc. There are many AJAX frameworks for different platforms and languages. Some of the notable AJAX frameworks are listed below: For .NET web applications: ASP.NET Ajax Framework Web.Ajax For PHP web applications: Tigermouse Zephyr Pherry For Java web applications: Salto Ajax Buffalo Ajax Apache Wicket For JavaScript based web applications: jQuery Prototype Atom.js etc. Real World Usage of AJAX: Live searches: It is an important feature in modern search engines made possible by AJAX. Users don’t have to type the whole thing and autocomplete kicks in as soon as few letters are typed in and the expected results show up instantly as we start entering the term we are looking for. When we visit the large search engine sites like Google or Bing and search for anything, then we get the autocompleting service as well as list of matching results instantaneously instead of having to wait for the server to process and send back the results. In the below figure, while searching for Chicago Airport, the auto-completion kicks in and the user can see a list of his/her choices. Real time messaging and chat with Ajax: Ajax updates social media pages like Facebook and twitter pages without refreshing the page which helps user see updates and communicate with people real time. Chat web applications like meebo use AJAX extensively to enhance the chat experience. Drag and drop: One of the important features of Ajax is that it lets users drag and drop files and plugins on a webpage and such drag/drop events are automatically persisted to the server. This can be seen in cloud storage sites like dropbox or onedrive. Instant login feedback: When user enters the wrong login credentials, then the login failure response is instantaneous, instead of having for the page to post back to the server and the failed response to come back to the user. Real world Users of AJAX There are many web sites and applications that use AJAX nowadays. The most prominent and early adopters are sites like YouTube, Google maps, Gmail, Facebook etc. Facebook seems to have great implementation of AJAX as the posts and updates are show almost instantaneously and doesn’t need any page refresh. AJAX implementation in Facebook site is what does the trick in instant updates of user status, messages etc. A Google map is one of the oldest and the most popular AJAX based web application. The Google map fetches XML data of the places a user is looking for and transforms the received data into complex map imagery. Users can drag locations around or zoom in and out and the page doesn’t have to reload to reflect the new changes. Gmail also uses AJAX for variety of useful features like spell check, auto save incomplete as drafts, fetching new emails etc. Flickr uses AJAX in its site for loading pictures in a picture carousel manner where when a user clicks for next pict ure, there is no page refresh, the click of the next button simply fetches the next pictures and presents the user with the next picture – which makes perfect sense because there is not really a need to refresh the whole site to just to retrieve one photo in a current sequence of photos. Advantages and disadvantages AJAX has become a vital aspect of modern web application. AJAX has many advantages but it does also have some disadvantages. Here are some advantages and disadvantages of AJAX: Advantages: AJAX helps lessen the round trips between the client and the server. A site’s overall response time will be a lot faster. Open source JavaScript libraries like JQuery, Prototype, etc. for development Disadvantages: AJAX is an extra abstraction layer and will complicate design and development Security is a concern since files are downloaded client side. AJAX based web pages are not indexed for search. Browsers with JavaScript turned off won’t be able to render AJAX web sites. Summary Ajax is a great technology and should be used when sites have a lot of plugins on a page and each need to refresh dynamically. AJAX makes a site more dynamic and performance is improved significantly as it cuts down on the number of post backs the page has to go through. It is also important to know that AJAX has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is important to distinguish which web applications require AJAX and which ones can do without it. Very simple web pages with very little data interactivity can probably do away with AJAX. Developers should always focus on the requirements of the site and wisely if AJAX is necessary or not to match the requirement. References Saikrishna. (2012, June 9).AJAX Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. RetrievedJuly20, 2014, from http://wegonemad.blogspot.com/2012/06/ajax.html Advantages of using Ajax in your website | BounceWeb Web Hosting Blog. (n.d.). Retrieved from  http://blog.bounceweb.com/advantages-of-using-ajax-in-your-website/ Ajax: A New Approach to Web Applications | Adaptive Path. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.adaptivepath.com/ideas/ajax-new-approach-web-applications/ Ajax History Information. (n.d.). Retrieved from  http://www.xmluk.org/ajax-history-and-information.htm Ajax pros and cons. (n.d.). Retrieved from  http://www.jscripters.com/ajax-disadvantages-and-advantages/ Codeproject. (). What is AJAX? Retrieved from  http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/534632/WhatplusisplusAJAX-3f Getting Started AJAX | MDN. (n.d.). Retrieved from  https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/AJAX/Getting_Started The characteristics of Ajax Applications. (n. d). Retrieved from http://www.openajax.org/member/wiki/images/8/89/NexawebAjaxCharacteristics.pdf

funeral :: essays research papers

I was sitting in the church, the fourth or fifth row back, and the seventh seat in, next to my mom, with her arm around me. She hugged me close to her warm body, letting me silently know everything is going to be all right. I rested my head on her shoulder, as if to tell her thank-you, and looked at the microphone on the left side of the front stage. Then I looked at the center of the stage; the pastor was walking toward the podium from his seat. He leaned over and spoke briefly, telling us who the next speaker would be. "Next we have a poem from a close friend of the family, Sarah, and Scott's daughter, Arielle." then he was back to his seat in the front row. Sarah who was considered the third daughter of both my separated parents, and Arielle, my sister, walked up to the microphone on the left. Sarah pulled out a folded -piece of paper, and opened it. She began to read with confidence in her voice, and determination in her heart. Wow, I recall thinking, This is really good. I hope I can get a copy of it. As Sarah went on, the room was silent. There were over a hundred people there and the calmness of her voice kept us all quiet, as if she were singing a lullaby. After a few minutes, her breathing became irregular, and I could hear her voice start to crack. She was going to start crying. Arielle put a sympathetic hand on her shoulder. You could hear a deep breath in the microphone that echoed in the tall building. I heard her whisper "Okay" and then she went on. Her words came out clear and smooth as if nothing would stop her. Then she finished. No one moved. She made her way back to her seat, followed by Arielle.

Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard by Thomas Gray Essay

Thomas Gray’s poem, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, was first published in 1751. Gray’s idea of rustic life as describe in this poem is agrarian and devoted to the land. He talks of the plow turning the sod and of the sickle mowing down the grain. He mentions the plowmen driving their team of draught animals from the fields. He tells of straw sheds and of people awaking to the crow of the rooster.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gray uses the metaphor of sleep to describe death. He says that those asleep no longer hear the voices of children or the touch and the kisses of those loved ones. He describes death as lending a cold ear and those dead as no longer hearing a call to honor nor does it hear any words of flattery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gray comments on the deaths of the rich and powerful, saying that those dead are no better off than the poor dead rustics. He says that the fact that the rich man’s bones are in some fine urn does not allow him to enjoy his mansion any more than the farmer enjoys the humble earth in which his bones are placed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gray takes on the issue of class as a rhetorical device to get his point across that the rewards for both are equal and that death is a leveler of the playing field. He impresses upon the reader the fact that in the humble churchyard may lie the remains of a life that had potential for greatness. He says that many sweet blossoms bloom, live and crumble to dust unseen and unknown by anyone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If I were to be lying in the graveyard of the country church I would like to have Gray say of me that I was a friend of heaven, of course, and that I saw and enjoyed the dawns of my days and lived my life to the fullest. Now that I am dead left me sleep in peace and forgive and forget the frailties I displayed on earth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Works Cited   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gray, T.   Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard 1751

Josephine Cochran, Inventor of the Dishwasher

Josephine Cochran, Inventor of the Dishwasher Josephine Cochran, whose  grandfather  was also an inventor and was awarded a  steamboat  patent,  is best known as the inventor of the dishwasher. But the history of the appliance goes back a little further. Learn more about how the dishwasher came to be and Josephine Cochrans role in its development.   Invention of the Dishwasher In 1850, Joel Houghton patented a wooden machine with a hand-turned wheel that splashed water on dishes. It was hardly a workable machine, but it was the first patent. Then, in the 1860s, L. A. Alexander improved the device with a geared mechanism that allowed the user to spin racked dishes through a tub of water. Neither of these devices was particularly effective. In 1886, Cochran proclaimed in disgust, If nobody else is going to invent a dish washing machine, Ill do it myself. And she did. Cochran invented the first practical dishwasher.  She designed the first model in the shed behind her house in Shelbyville, Illinois.  Her dishwasher was the first to use water pressure instead of scrubbers to clean the dishes. She received a patent on December 28, 1886. Cochran had expected the public to welcome the new invention, which she unveiled at the 1893  Worlds Fair, but only hotels and large restaurants were buying her ideas. It was not until the 1950s that dishwashers caught on with the general public. Cochrans machine was a hand-operated mechanical dishwasher. She founded a company to manufacture these dishwashers, which eventually became KitchenAid. Biography of Josephine Cochran Cochran was born to John Garis, a civil engineer, and Irene Fitch Garis. She had one sister, Irene Garis Ransom. As mentioned above, her grandfather  John Fitch  (father of her mother Irene) was an inventor who was awarded a  steamboat  patent. She was raised in  Valparaiso, Indiana, where she went to private school until the school burned down. After moving in with her sister in  Shelbyville, Illinois,  she married William Cochran on October 13, 1858, who returned the year before from a disappointing try at the  California Gold Rush and went on to become a prosperous dry goods merchant and  Democratic Party  politician. They had two children, a son  Hallie Cochran who died at age 2, and a daughter Katharine Cochran. In 1870, they moved into a mansion and began throwing dinner parties using heirloom china allegedly dating from the 1600s. After one event, the servants carelessly chipped some of the dishes, causing Josephine Cochran to find a better alternative.  She also wanted to relieve tired housewives from the duty of washing dishes after a meal.  She is said to have run through the streets screaming with blood in her eyes, If nobody else is going to invent a dish washing machine, Ill do it myself! Her alcoholic husband died in 1883 when she was 45 years old, leaving her with numerous debts and very little cash, which motivated her to go through with developing the dishwasher. Her friends loved her invention and had her make dishwashing machines for them, calling them Cochrane Dishwashers, later founding the Garis-Cochran Manufacturing Company.

Embalming Essay Essays - Undertaking, Death Customs, Embalming

Embalming Essay Essays - Undertaking, Death Customs, Embalming Embalming Essay Embalming Embalming is a mortuary custom, the art of preserving bodies after death, generally by the use of chemical substances. It is believed to have originated among the Egyptians, probably before 4000 BC, and was used by them for more than 30 centuries. Much evidence demonstrates that embalming is religious in origin, conceived as a means of preparing the dead for the life after death. From the Egyptians, the practice of embalming spread to other ancient peoples, including the Assyrians, Jews, Persians, and Scythians. Ancient embalming methods consisted of removal of the brains and viscera, and the filling of bodily cavities with a mixture of balsamic herbs and other substances. The Egyptians immersed the body in carbonate of soda, injected the arteries and veins with balsams, filled the cavities of the torso with bituminous and aromatic substances and salt, and wound cloths saturated with similar materials around the body. The Assyrians used honey in embalming, the Persians used wax, and the Jews used spices and aloes. Alexander the Great was embalmed with honey and wax. The Egyptians were particularly adept at embalming; the soles of the feet of mummies, when unwrapped after as much as 3000 years, are often still soft and elastic. Historians estimate that by AD 700, when the practice had died out among them, the Egyptians had embalmed approximately 730 million bodies. Although many were destroyed or disintegrated in the tropical heat of northern Africa, a large number of mummies were preserved; archaeologists estimate that several million are still preserved in undiscovered tombs and burial places. From the ancient peoples of Africa and Asia, embalming spread to Europe, where, in time, it became a widespread practice. Descriptions of methods used in Europe for almost 1200 years, from about AD 500, have been preserved in the writings of contemporary physicians. Embalming during the Middle Ages included evisceration, immersion of the body in alcohol, insertion of preservative herbs into incisions previously made in the fleshy parts of the body, and wrapping the body in tarred or waxed sheets. The Danish king of England, Canute II, was embalmed by the above, or similar methods, as were the English monarchs William the Conqueror and Edward I. William's body was found well preserved in the French city of Caen in the 16th century; Edward's was also found to be well preserved when it was disinterred in Westminster Abbey in 1700; and Canute's body was still in a state of good preservation when it was discovered in Winchester Cathedral in 1776. The first man to embalm by injecting a prepared preservative chemical solution into the blood vessels is believed to be the Dutch anatomist Fredrik Ruysch, but his technique is unknown. During the 19th century, French and Italian scientists perfected such techniques, thereby enabling them to reach every part of the cadaver. Modern embalming is believed to have begun in the U.S. during the American Civil War. The essential purposes of modern embalming are preservation of the body to permit burial without unseemly haste and prevention of the spread of infection both before and after burial. Cosmetic work is used to restore injured facial features or for aesthetic reasons. Embalming methods now consist essentially of the removal of all blood and gases from the body and the insertion of a disinfecting fluid; the viscera are removed and immersed in an embalming fluid and are then replaced in the body, in which they are surrounded with a preservative powder. Most corpses in the United States and Canada are embalmed, and the practice is widespread in other countries.

Tax Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tax - Essay Example ng that some assets are tax free and if one’s gains in a year become less than his or her tax-free allowance, the person is not required to pay the capital gains tax. The paper analyzes aspects of the capital gains tax based on Susan’s case. Susan’s mode of shares’ disposal will determine whether she will pay the capital gains tax or not. If she can manage to evade the tax, it will be for the good of the company. There are instances that one can dispose of assets in a tax free way. Disposing assets can be done through selling it, giving the asset away as a gift, swapping the asset for another one and getting compensation for the asset may be when it gets destroyed or lost. It is well recorded that it could not be possible for transferring the shares to her son. This is because there were strains between her son and her. Similarly, the son did not have material funds (Cordes 2005, p.5). These two instances make it difficult for Susan to dispose the shares with immediate effect. This is because she feels the ownership of the company should remain in the family. The only available way of disposing the shares immediately was selling the shares to an investor. It is well recorded that she had been approached by an investor. If she decides to sell the shares at this time she will have to pay capital gains tax (Thomas 2004, p.10).   This is because sale of shares is in the docket of disposal way that is liable of being paid the capital gains tax. The best time for Susan to dispose the shares is not yet and the best person to dispose to is her son since the company will remain fully owned by the family and the disposal will take place tax free. Sale of assets like shares and real estate is the most common manner in which an individual capital loss or capital gain. The capital gains tax is also applicable to the intangible assets like business goodwill. Disposal of shares at a later date can be advantageous than selling them now. According to the 2014

The American Government Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The American Government - Research Paper Example Supreme Court has the sole responsibility to reject the signed law after declaring it unconstitutional. Sometimes, the president may give his/her opinion of the constitutionality of the law. Annually, the US president gives legislative agenda for the following year to the congress. In this agenda, the president brings into attention of the congress, the plans for whole nation. In this address, the president persuades sponsoring of the bills to enable their passage (Murrin et. al. 2011). Likewise, vice president also lobbies representatives to amass support for the legislation.According to Krent (2005), in the judicial arm of the government, the president is the commander of armed forces and navy. In this role, president can pardon for offences committed against United States. Cases of impeachment are exceptional. To do this the president seeks opinion from principal officer. President appoints highest-rank military commanders. He exercises control in this section by giving advice and discharging officers. The president directs orders to the armed forces to take action in times of foreign aggression.The US president through the constitutional powers contributes significantly in the public- policymaking process. For instance, in the foreign policy, up on proper advice by the senate, he negotiates treaties with other foreign countries. However, these treaties become effective after ratification by two-thirds of the senate (Murrin et. al. 2011). This means that the president can initiate or shape foreign policy.